Genocid u Srebrenici

Genocid u Srebrenici
Rat u Bosni i Hercegovini
LokacijaSrebrenica, Republika Bosna i Hercegovina
Datum11–19. juli 1995.
MetaBošnjaci
Mrtvih8372
PočiniociVojska Republike Srpske
i jedinica "Škorpioni"

Genocid u Srebrenici jest ratni zločin izvršen u julu 1995. za vrijeme rata u Bosni i Hercegovini. Genocid se sastojao od masovnih, planski provedenih ubistava zarobljenih bošnjačkih muškaraca i dječaka između 12 i 77 godina.[1] Desio se u regionu Srebrenice, a izvršile su ga Vojska Republike Srpske pod komandom generala Ratka Mladića, te paravojna formacija "Škorpioni",[2][3] zajedno s nekoliko stotina grčkih i ruskih volontera.[4][5]

Događaj se smatra jednim od najvećih masakara u Evropi od Drugog svjetskog rata, u kojem je ubijeno preko 8.000 ljudi.[6][7][8][9][10] Masakr se generalno smatra jednim od najužasnijih događaja u savremenoj evropskoj historiji.[11][12] General Ratko Mladić i grupa oficira Vojske Republike Srpske u međuvremenu su optuženi za ratne zločine, uključujući i genocid, pred Međunarodnim krivičnim sudom za bivšu Jugoslaviju (MKSJ). MKSJ je, između ostalog, donio pravosnažnu presudu u kojoj masakr u Srebrenici kvalificira kao čin genocida.[1]

Godine 2004, jednoglasnom presudom u slučaju Tužilac protiv Krstića, Žalbeno vijeće Međunarodnog krivičnog suda za bivšu Jugoslaviju (MKSJ), presudilo je da zločin počinjen nad muškim stanovnicima enklave Srebrenica predstavlja genocid, zločin prema međunarodnom pravu.[13] Presudu je podržao i Međunarodni sud pravde (ICJ) 2007. godine.[14] Zaključeno je da nasilno premještanje i zlostavljanje između 25.000 i 30.000 bošnjačkih žena, djece i starijih osoba predstavlja genocid, zajedno sa ubistvima i razdvajanjem muškaraca koja su se desila tokom tog zločina.[15][16]

U godinama 2013, 2014. i ponovo 2019. godine, država Nizozemska je proglašena odgovornom pred nizozemskim Vrhovnim sudom i pred Haškim okružnim sudom jer nije učinila dovoljno da spriječi više od 300 ubistava Bošnjaka u Srebrenici.[17][18][19][20]

  1. ^ a b (en) Činjenice o Srebrenici
  2. ^ Williams, Daniel. "Srebrenica Video Vindicates Long Pursuit by Serb Activist". The Washington Post. Pristupljeno 26. 5. 2011.
  3. ^ "ICTY – Kordic and Cerkez Judgement – 3. After the Conflict" (PDF). Pristupljeno 11. 7. 2012.
  4. ^ Norman M. Naimark (2011). Memories of Mass Repression: Narrating Life Stories in the Aftermath of Atrocity. Transaction Publishers. Pristupljeno 4. 8. 2013., str. 3. (en)
  5. ^ "Greece faces shame of role in Serb massacre". The Guardian. 5. 1. 2013. (en)
  6. ^ Potocari Memorial Center PRELIMINARY LIST of Missing Persons from Srebrenica '95 [1]
  7. ^ "ICTY: The Conflicts". The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Pristupljeno 5. 8. 2013.
  8. ^ Kirsten Nakjavani Bookmiller (2008). The United Nations. Infobase Publishing. Pristupljeno 4. 8. 2013., str. 81.
  9. ^ Christopher Paul, Colin P. Clarke, Beth Grill (2010). Victory Has a Thousand Fathers: Sources of Success in Counterinsurgency. Rand Corporation. Pristupljeno 4. 8. 2013.CS1 održavanje: više imena: authors list (link), str. 25.
  10. ^ "Mladic Arrives in The Hague". The New York Times. 31. 5. 2011.
  11. ^ UN Press Release SG/SM/9993UN, 11/07/2005 "Secretary-General Kofi Annan’s message to the ceremony marking the tenth anniversary of the Srebrenica massacre in Potocari-Srebrenica"; preuzeto: 9. 8. 2010.
  12. ^ Institute for War and Peace Reporting, Tribunal Update: Briefly Noted (TU No 398, 18. 3. 2005) [2]
  13. ^ "Prosecutor vs Krstic, Appeals Chamber Judgement" (PDF). ICTY. 19. 4. 2004. para. 37. Pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021.
  14. ^ ICJ (26. 2. 2007). "Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Judgment" (PDF). str. 166 § 297. General List No. 91. Arhivirano s originala (PDF), 1. 3. 2011. Pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021. The Court concludes that the acts committed at Srebrenica falling within Article II (a) and (b) of the Convention were committed with the specific intent to destroy in part the group of the Muslims of Bosnia and Herzegovina as such; and accordingly that these were acts of genocide, committed by members of the VRS in and around Srebrenica from about 13 July 1995.
  15. ^ "Prosecutor vs Radislav Krstic, ICTY Appeals Chamber Judgement" (PDF), International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, Para. 33, 19. 4. 2004, pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021
  16. ^ "Prosecutor v. Zdravko Tolimir, ICTY Appeals Chamber Judgement" (PDF), International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, 8. 4. 2015
  17. ^ "Judgement of the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, First Chamber, 12/03324 LZ/TT (English translation)" (PDF). 6. 9. 2013. Arhivirano s originala (PDF), 27. 2. 2021. Pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021.
  18. ^ "Netherlands Supreme Court hands down historic judgment over Srebrenica genocide". Amnesty Int. 27 Sep 2013. Pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021.
  19. ^ Comiteau, Lauren. "Court Says the Dutch Are to Blame for Srebrenica Deaths". Time. The Hague. Pristupljeno 23. 3. 2021.
  20. ^ "Netherlands '10% liable' for 350 Srebrenica deaths". BBC News. 19. 7. 2019.

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